Projects
"Research is formalised curiosity. It is poking and prying with a purpose."
Zora Neale Hurston (anthropologist)
The NGTS Clusters Survey
Understanding the early evolution of stellar and planetary systems
NGTS: The Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) is the most precise wide-field ground-based transit survey to date, which comprises 12 independent robotic telescopes based at ESO’s Paranal Observatory in Chile (see images). Its main goal is to detect Neptune-sized (and smaller) planets around bright stars (V<13 mag). NGTS has detected 19 planets so far, including the shortest period hot Jupiter found to date and a planet in the Neptune desert (a region of very short orbital periods where we do not see many Neptune-sized planets because we think they can't survive very long being so close to their host stars). Both of these systems are very rare and I had a lot of fun characterising them!
NGTS clusters survey: My current focus within NGTS is leading our programme to systematically observe young open clusters: the NGTS Clusters Survey. Open clusters are groups to tens-to-thousands of stars, which are believed to have formed from the same molecular cloud and therefore share the same age and composition. This makes them extremely valuable for probing the timescales of evolutionary processes. For example, by characterising stars in open clusters of different ages, we can explore how their rotation rates and activity evolve over time. By detecting planetary systems, we can probe the timescales over which planets form, migrate (i.e. move onto small orbits close to their host star), and lose atmosphere.
NGTS photometry is really precise and rivals current space missions. The first NCS papers are out, with more coming soon... You can check them out here.
Planets and Stellar Activity through Time
Understanding the evolution, diversity and habitability of planetary systems
TESS: NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission is revolutionising the exoplanet field by surveying the whole sky to detect the closest planets. Launched in 2018, TESS completed its nominal 2-year mission to survey the full sky, and is now in its first extended mission where it is resurveying the sky with additional coverage of the ecliptic plane. TESS's main science goal is to detect and characterise small rocky planets orbiting nearby low-mass stars.
Our Guest Investigator programmes targeting young stars: With an all-sky approach, TESS is a fantastic mission to monitor dispersed young stars, such as nearby moving groups, loose associations and isolated young field stars. Our recent GI programmes, which I lead, have been approved to monitor 11,050 of the nearest and brightest young stars in the sky at 2-min and 20-sec cadence. We have two science goals: (i) detect and characterise young transiting planets to understand their early evolution and resulting diversity, and (ii) characterise stellar flares to map out the early evolution of flare activity and use this to experimentally test origin of life scenarios for planets around M-dwarfs.
NGTS + TESS: The combination of NGTS (targeting densely populated open clusters) and TESS (monitoring, and optimised for, isolated young stars and dispersed groups) means we can target all the environments hosting young planetary systems. Together, I hope that the NGTS clusters survey, along with our TESS GI programmes (as well as other programmes targeting similar science), can detect and characterise many more young planetary systems and thereby improve our understanding of their early evolution and later habitability.
Collaborations that I participate in
Universal Life Initiative
I work on detecting and characterising the evolution of stellar flare activity to understand its effect on prebiotic chemistry and test origin of life scenarios, especially for rocky planets orbiting in the habitable zones of low-mass (M dwarf) stars.
Anchoring Planet Evolution through Time
Detecting planets around isolated young field stars. I am a Co-Investigator of this effort which, along with the NGTS Clusters Survey and Planets and Stellar Activity through Time programme, cover all environments hosting young planetary systems. Hopefully we will find many new planets!
Haydn
Haydn (High-precision AsteroseismologY of DeNse stellar fields) is a candidate for the ESA M7 mission, for which I am a contributing scientist. Haydn proposes to photometrically monitor dense stellar fields (e.g. open and globular clusters) to better understand stellar structure and evolution via asteroseismology, and to detect exoplanets in new environments.
ESA's Ariel mission
I recently joined the Prebiotic Chemistry and Astrobiology Working Group and am excited to see what fun science we can do with Ariel in these areas.
Previous collaborations that I have participated in
K2 Young Suns Survey
We proposed for and analysed observations of young open clusters with NASA's Kepler/K2 space mission. Our science goals covered detecting and characterising exoplanets and eclipsing binaries (EBs), measuring stellar rotation periods, and probing the interaction between young stars and their protoplanetary disks. I was a Co-Investigator working on detecting and characterising exoplanets and EBs, primarily in the Praesepe open cluster.
Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264
CSI 2264 was a large observational campaign that targeted the 3 Myr old NGC 2264 star forming region with three space missions (ESA's CoRoT, and NASA's Spitzer and Chandra observatories) and 12 ground-based facilities. I was a Co-Investigator working on characterising eclipsing binaries with CoRoT and Spitzer.
The PolStar mission concept
PolStar is a UV mission concept for NASA's upcoming Medium-class Explorer call. I was a member of the Exoplanet Science Team working on defining our science goals and maximising the range of science we can do with UV spectroscopy and polarimetry (it was a lot!).